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Outcome measures
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Pre-group score (N = 18)
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Post-group score (N = 18)
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Paired sample T test
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(1) Negative symptoms (BNSS; range 0–78)
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Mean (SD)
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9.17 (12.55)
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4.17 (7.07)
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t(17) = 2.68, p = 0.016*
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(2) Depressive symptoms (C-BDI-II; range 0–63)
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Mean (SD)
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17.72 (10.54)
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16.56 (10.79)
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t(17) = 0.702, p = 0.492
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(3) Mindfulness of thoughts and images (C-SMQ; range 0–96)
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Total score
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Mean (SD)
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46.61 (7.44)
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49.83 (6.90)
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t(17) = − 2.77, p = 0.013*
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Sub-scales (range 0–24)
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Mindful observation
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Mean (SD)
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14.06 (3.33)
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14.17 (3.54)
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t(17) = − 0.14, p = 0.890
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Letting go
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Mean (SD)
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11.17 (3.55)
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12.00 (3.53)
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t(17) = − 1.55, p = 0.140
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Absence of aversion
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Mean (SD)
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12.33 (3.48)
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13.17 (3.26)
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t(17) = − 1.61, p = 0.127
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Non-judgement
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Mean (SD)
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9.06 (2.90)
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10.5 (3.17)
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t(17) = − 2.28, p = 0.036*
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(4) Daily mindfulness (DMRS; range 1–10)
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Mean (SD)
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5.29 (1.92)
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6.50 (1.42)
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t(17) = − 2.17, p = 0.045*
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(5) Well-being (C-SWEMWBS; range 7–35)
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Mean (SD)
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21.33 (5.16)
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22.06 (5.24)
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t(17) = − 0.959, p = 0.351
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