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|
Variable
|
All sample (N = 23,268)
|
Group with chronic disease (N = 15,412)
|
Group without chronic disease (N = 7856)
|
Group with chronic disease VS Group without chronic disease
|
|---|
|
Mean
|
Std. Dev.
|
Mean
|
Std. Dev.
|
Mean
|
Std. Dev.
|
P-valuea
|
|---|
|
Air pollution emission intensity (tons per 100 million Chinese yuan)
|
|
SO2
|
82.950
|
78.355
|
82.602
|
74.980
|
83.632
|
84.587
|
< 0.001
|
|
TSP
|
45.571
|
49.025
|
46.510
|
50.816
|
43.729
|
45.253
|
< 0.001
|
|
Air pollution emission per unit area (tons/km2)
|
|
SO2
|
6.812
|
8.307
|
6.667
|
8.728
|
7.097
|
7.403
|
< 0.001
|
|
TSP
|
3.079
|
3.495
|
2.998
|
3.576
|
3.236
|
3.326
|
< 0.001
|
|
Air pollution emission per capita (tons/10,000 people)
|
|
SO2
|
135.137
|
120.211
|
132.127
|
118.256
|
141.042
|
123.753
|
< 0.001
|
|
TSP
|
70.938
|
81.064
|
70.173
|
80.964
|
72.440
|
81.243
|
< 0.001
|
|
Climatic indexes
|
|
Average monthly temperature (0.1 °C)
|
265.990
|
39.353
|
266.038
|
39.678
|
265.894
|
38.710
|
< 0.001
|
|
Average monthly relative humidity (%)
|
73.253
|
7.603
|
73.077
|
7.634
|
73.599
|
7.529
|
< 0.001
|
|
Depressive symptoms
|
11.623
|
4.664
|
12.176
|
4.858
|
10.538
|
4.043
|
< 0.001
|
|
Age
|
60.101
|
9.989
|
61.101
|
9.834
|
58.139
|
10.000
|
< 0.001
|
|
Income (Chinese yuan/year)
|
8175
|
14,912
|
7970
|
13,343
|
8576
|
17,583
|
0.011
|
| |
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
P-valueb
|
|---|
|
Male
|
11,108
|
47.739
|
7165
|
46.490
|
3943
|
50.191
|
0.010
|
|
Unmarried
|
2854
|
12.266
|
1991
|
12.919
|
863
|
10.985
|
0.022
|
|
Living in urban area
|
9016
|
38.748
|
5947
|
38.587
|
3069
|
39.066
|
0.730
|
|
Education
|
< 0.001
|
|
No education
|
5973
|
25.670
|
4145
|
26.895
|
1828
|
23.269
| |
|
No education but can read/write
|
4218
|
18.128
|
2946
|
19.115
|
1272
|
16.191
| |
|
Primary school
|
5181
|
22.267
|
3498
|
22.696
|
1683
|
21.423
| |
|
Junior high school and above
|
7896
|
33.935
|
4823
|
31.294
|
3073
|
39.117
| |
|
Employment status
|
< 0.001
|
|
Unemployed
|
7734
|
33.239
|
5623
|
36.485
|
2111
|
26.871
| |
|
Self-employed
|
10,162
|
43.674
|
6710
|
43.537
|
3452
|
43.941
| |
|
Wage earner
|
5372
|
23.087
|
3079
|
19.978
|
2293
|
29.188
| |
|
Insurance
|
0.037
|
|
Uninsured
|
1455
|
6.253
|
854
|
5.541
|
601
|
7.650
| |
|
NCMS and URBMI
|
18,635
|
80.089
|
12,389
|
80.385
|
6246
|
79.506
| |
|
UEBMI
|
3178
|
13.658
|
2169
|
14.074
|
1009
|
12.844
| |
|
Health behavior
| |
|
Current Smoker
|
7713
|
33.149
|
4757
|
30.866
|
2956
|
37.627
|
< 0.001
|
|
Current Drinker
|
7756
|
33.333
|
4932
|
32.001
|
2824
|
35.947
|
0.005
|
- aFrequencies with percentages were presented for categorical variables. P-values were calculated by Chi square test between groups having chronic disease or not
- bMeans with standard deviations were presented for continuous variables, and P-values were calculated one-way ANOVA between groups having chronic disease or not
